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Additionally, acidifying gases such as CO2, SO2 and NOx may dissolve in this thin water layer causing a decrease of pH and accelerating ion exchange.
The profile of formed NiSiGe on top of S/D has resulted a push-out of Ge atoms to the beneath SiGe layer causing a pile up at the interface [19].
Consequently, transport electrons supposed to be confined within the 2-DEG channel would easily spill or leak into the buffer layer, causing a rapid increase of subthreshold drain leakage currents, accelerating the device breakdown.
Water in the more permeable lower layer overtakes water flowing only through the upper layer, causing a bimodal distribution of travel times and a vertical repeating of the age stratification near the coast.
The lattice constant of graphene, a Gr = 2.43935 Å, is slightly smaller than that of AB graphite, which could be understood by visualizing that one of the C atoms in the B layer sits above the hollow site of the A layer, causing a small expansion of the C ring in the A layer.
The increased asphaltenes amounts facilitate nucleation and growth of wax crystals in the inner deposit layer, causing a significant reduction of wax concentration in the inner deposit layer and a fast wax diffusion rate from bulk oil and outer deposit layer to inner deposit layer.
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The SiO2 layer caused a bonding formation between surface and FePt3 nanoparticles.
As discussed later, this porous CdS layer causes a dramatic decrease in the photocurrent and efficiency for solar cells.
The presence of the inner oxide layer caused a modification of the inner alloy structure and the coating composition.
On this night, advection of a strong sporadic layer causes a correlation coefficient (r) to exceed 0.6 after 22 30 h (AST), as shown in the upper panel.
Compared to InAs/GaAs QDs, this layer causes a redshift to the photo-response due to the presence of a small lattice mismatch between InAs and InGaAs.
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