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Layer appearance was defined when the parenchymal enhancement showed band-like structure which appeared horizontally on the sonogram.
The model can also be used to achieve bridging transfer, which is beneficial for smooth layer appearance.
Critical frequency of sporadic-E layer, foEs, relative excess of sporadic ionization over monthly median values, foEs − foEm/foEm, and probability of Es layer appearance, PEs, are considered.
To report the appearance of the fundus, that is seen frequently after removal of an idiopathic epiretinal membrane and which we refer to as the dissociated optic nerve fiber layer appearance.
It assesses the predictability of occurrence probability by employing all three options included in IRI-2012: IRI-95, Scotto-97 no L, and Scotto-97 with L. Results show that Scotto-97 no L option slightly overestimates the occurrence probability but predicts better than IRI-95 option, whereas IRI-95 option closely reflects the time range for F1 layer appearance.
Inter-operator agreement for the layer appearance after IHPE was excellent (kappa = 0.824) and inter-reviewer agreement of review results for layer appearance was also excellent (kappa = 0.912).
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The Chi-squared test was used to compare the layer appearances among controls and patients with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis.
Then the findings were reviewed by two reviewers (T.S. and H.K., hepatologists with 6 years' experience with ultrasound) who examined the inter-reviewer agreement with no prior knowledge of the pathological data or any other information of the patients, and provided a final result for layer appearances in this study by consensual decision-making.
In addition, this paper discussed the main processing challenges with void formation, anisotropic behaviour, the limitation of computer design and layer-by-layer appearance.
At high pressures and/or lower temperatures δ-HfN−x forms a diffusion band which has a metallographic double-layer appearance because of the formation of hyperstoichiometric δ-HfN1 +x on δ-HfN1 −x.
The observed surface layers show, depending on the cycling conditions, a spotty and/or layered appearance and the fraction of this layer covering the cycled electrode depends on the charge potential and the number of electrochemical cycles.
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