Panelists are listed in (Additional file 1), and included individuals with expertise in medical practice, medical education, medical ethics, medical sociology, health care administration, health economics, health law, outcomes research, and government oversight.
This in turn leads to power-law outcomes; a few big winners…and a whole lot of losers.
Same law, opposite outcomes.
Arkoosh, a Philadelphia obstetric anesthesiologist who lives in suburban Montgomery County, comes off as deeply informed, if not slightly wonkish, talking about how the law improves outcomes for patients while lowering health care spending.
However, repeal would not benefit marginalized groups in the case where as here—laws improve outcomes across subpopulations but by unequal amounts.
However, as noted above, the evidence of these laws on outcomes is mixed across countries, even when the legal frameworks may be quite similar, so ongoing monitoring of implementation and mechanisms for ensuring compliance with legislation are equally important.
Ethical committees in Maastricht, Utrecht and Groningen have confirmed that by law routine outcome data collected for the purpose of management information is not within their remit as long as patients are aware of the purpose (including scientific publications).
We also have an eye toward doing our part in maintaining civil or social order, toward punishments or loss of standing and reputation in violating such laws, and other outcomes of lawful behavior.
Over the past two years, a project that our organisation undertook with police forces and civil-society groups in Hungary and Spain found that, when stops were systematically monitored and data publicly reported, the proportion of stops that produced an arrest or other law-enforcement outcome actually increased.
To some proponents of stricter gun laws, that outcome has only spelled further doom for federal legislation to expand background checks after the Senate failed to pass such a measure last year.
When we hear that word, do we think of equal opportunity, or equal treatment under the law, or equal outcomes, or some combination of those factors?
