A compressibility law, characterized by a log-normal distribution with depth-dependent mean, constant variance and exponential covariance, is assumed.
A novel and improved atomistic simulation based cohesive zone law characterizing interfacial debonding is developed which explicitly accounts for the non-planarity of the crack propagation.
The Wien effect is a deviation from Ohm's law characterized by the enhancement of the electrical conductivity (EC) of a suspension in response to the application of an increasing electrical field (E) [24].
In this section, we aim at using this result to elaborate a statistical model for G, i.e., a closed form expression of the probability law, characterized by the shadowing parameter σdB.
As for the finite rotation of the fibers in the kinked material, it is implemented in the finite element code through a hypo-elastic law characterized by an objective derivate using the rotation of the fibers.
For the asperity, we assume a velocity-weakening law, characterized by a static friction (f_{mathrm{s}}) and an average dynamic friction (f_{mathrm{d}}): begin{aligned} f_1^prime = left{ begin{array}{ll}f_{mathrm{s}}, & quad {dot{x}}=0 f_{mathrm{d}}, &quad {dot{x}} ne 0 end{array}right.
So for example, if a zoning law characterized a church as an historic structure under generally applicable rules for determining such landmarks, the local archbishop could not be heard to complain that his freedom of religion had been singled out for disfavor.
Emergent laws are fundamental; they are irreducible to laws characterizing properties at lower levels of complexity, even given ideal information as to boundary conditions.
The results show that the variations of and κ′ as a function of I are given by scaling laws characterized by constant exponents irrespective of the i value of the PAA sample investigated.
