This early recognition has been backed by data from the OECD's Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI) that provides evidence of how discrimination in laws, attitudes and practices reduces women's ability to take advantage of empowerment opportunities and break cycles of poverty.
We sought to assess physicians' knowledge of these laws, attitudes around the provision of confidential care to minors, and barriers to providing confidential care.
Department of Justice officials, who were approaching the situation with a rule-of-law attitude rather than as diplomats working through a delicate compromise, balked at the idea of a prisoner swap.
By their own accounts and also those of daughters-in-law and sons, mothers-in-law's attitudes towards their daughters-in-law's ANC, were influenced by their own past experiences, the household work expected of daughters-in-law and their perceptions of the need for and benefits of ANC.
Ian Kelcey, a solicitor-advocate specialising in criminal law, said attitudes to child sex abuse had changed significantly in the past few decades.
The question to ask is not whether stricter laws would have prevented this but whether current laws and attitudes enabled it.
"We cannot outlaw hate, but laws shape attitudes".
In modern times, the law's attitude toward that need has varied.
