Village FGD participants overall varied in age, gender, latrine ownership, marital status and caste but were segregated into separate homogenous groups to facilitate open discussions.> -wrap-foot> aThe sanitation programme in this village was implemented by Gram Vikas, a well-respected and long-standing NGO acclaimed for their contributions to the water and sanitation sector.
The risk for communicable disease transmission after disasters is associated primarily with the size and characteristics of the population displaced, specifically the proximity of safe water and functioning latrines, the nutritional status of the displaced population, the level of immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases such as measles, and the access to healthcare services (8 ).
This may have remained a limiting factor to effectively promote the idea of household level latrine to achieve ODF status.
The current status of latrines in the slums of Kampala reflects a glaring sanitation gap [ 23– 27].
One explanation given for this is that people in these communities usually inspect their excreta for signs of their health status and latrines make this impossible.
Households with unimproved (poor) sanitation status have no latrine or toilet facility.
All adolescents and adults living in the households were interviewed for information about income level, education, employment, marital status, house and latrine floor, family size, drinking water source, hand washing habit, ethnicity and religion.
This study aimed at determining the status of pit latrines (design, construction, operation and maintenance) and its influence on latrine performance (filling, smell and insect nuisance).
Additionally, women who reported any symptom during pregnancy were more likely to be underweight, exposed to second hand tobacco smoke, have lower educational attainment, have anemia and lower ferritin status, lack sanitary latrines, take medication, and have lower household incomes compared to women who reported no adverse symptoms during pregnancy.
Households with improved (good) sanitation status have a pour-flush latrine, or ventilated improved pit latrine.
