Since the spectral width is considered to correspond to the decorrelation time of echoes, we need to confirm that our echoes with no SYM-H-latitude relationship have similar parameters.
An additional integrative analysis including species belonging to congeneric clades led Cruz et al. [ 27] to conclude that "the strong, positive, size-latitude relationship in the L. boulengeri clade apparently accounted for the pattern observed for the entire dataset".
On the contrary, most of the echoes identified as SAPS (with close SYM-H-latitude relationships) have spectral width wider than 40 Hz, indicating that their characteristics are different from mid-latitude F-region echoes.
In this figure, we show the result of applying these speed thresholds to the 19 22 MLT data, which contains the largest number of events, to investigate the influence of flow speed on the latitude-MLT relationship.
From the point of view of conservation, stratifying a network of reserves across latitudinal gradients make good sense as a strategy for conserving diversity, because the latitude-diversity relationship holds under a variety of climates.
Because previous work on seed TAGs in other species predicted decreasing levels of saturated FAs in the TAGs at higher latitudes, we tested the relationship between latitude and FA composition of TAGs and PLs by performing linear regressions.
4 5 The incidence of RA appears to be higher with increasing geographic latitude, but the relationship is not straightforward.
In contrast to the model of Pleistocene biogeography, where higher levels of genetic diversity are expected at lower latitudes, in N. magellanica we did not detect a clear relationship between latitude and genetic diversity.
This axis showed a non-linear relationship with latitude, suggesting that phoA may be more abundant at higher latitudes.
In wide-range provenance trials, Savolainen et al. (2007) detected a negative relationship between latitude and survival rate in Pinus sylvestris, while Chang-Geng (1989) demonstrated a positive relationship between local latitude and survival in Pinus armandii.
