In the same way, it's long established that the government has great latitude in intercepting communications between the United States and other countries.
The N.S.A., whose main job is signals intelligence — tapping phones and intercepting e-mail and other kinds of electronic communications — has wide latitude to legally spy on foreigners.
Space radiation poses a serious threat to several human activities, such as high radiation doses for astronauts, adverse effects on aircrew health, artificial satellite malfunctions, and the disruption of high-frequency radio wave communications in high-latitude regions.
In this future-scoping, Sentinel 7 is envisaged to be a constellation of satellites that monitors carbon dioxide; Sentinel 8 could be a thermal infrared sensor, useful for understanding phenomena such as drought; and Sentinel 9 might be a polar mission, either to study the extent and thickness of ice surfaces or to provide better weather imaging and communications at high latitudes.
The effects of solar activity on Earth include auroras at moderate to high latitudes and the disruption of radio communications and electric power.
Still, since the Second World War, as Presidents of both parties have shaped the executive branch's public communications, they have enjoyed great latitude.
He noted a clause about restrictions on the intercept of attorney-client communications but said it allowed wide latitude for sharing such communications inside the government.
Basic communications systems also are difficult at high latitudes, leaving Arctic communities cut off from economic development opportunities.
A witness at the hearing, Hank Krakowski, a United Airlines vice president for corporate safety, said the airline had chosen lower altitudes and latitudes for several flights from the United States to Asia in the last few days to avoid communications problems and possible health effects.
An initial perturbation can thus grow to a medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbance and large-scale plasma bubble; the latter affects satellite communications and navigation technology and plays a major role in determining the space weather at low latitudes.
