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Effective treatment regimens of shorter duration to prevent MDR/XDR-TB in those latently infected are not available at present, and the choice of existing drugs and the duration of preventive chemotherapy for MDR/XDR-TB are unclear.
Currently available models include latently infected cell lines, latently infected primary CD4+ T cells and resting CD4+ T cells from patients on suppressive cART (generally defined as plasma HIV RNA <50 copies/ml).
Performing similar analysis in additional MHV-68 latently infected cell lines (once available) will yield more information and shed more light on the role of epigenetic modification in controlling MHV-68 reactivation.
In the UK TB cohort, expression data were also available for uninfected (tuberculin skin test-negative) and latently infected (tuberculin skin test-positive) controls; there was no difference in CLECSF8 expression between these two groups.
As patients might be latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, early screening for latent TB infection and implementing isoniazid preventive therapy in line with available recommendations is crucial.
Our inability to recognize and isolate latently infected cells hinders the study of latent HIV.
Their nuclear availability varies between active and resting, latently infected cells [ 25, 95, 96].
However, currently available small molecules capable of reactivating HIV have been shown to be insufficient to fully activate the latently infected T cells in cell-based assays and clinical trials [ 4, 5].
Latently expressed genes are involved in immune evasion and maintenance of the latent infection.
Available data obtained from in vitro models indicate that EBV lytic cycle can be elicited by treatment of latently infected cells with a variety of reagents including 12- O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-1-acetate, calcium ionophores, sodium butyrate, anti-immunoglobulin antibodies and TGF- β.
— Or latently Jewish.
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