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The distributional and measurement characteristics of the latent disability scale were better than those of the primary scales [ 10].
The work variables loaded slightly less strongly on the latent disability constructs than family and social impairment items.
In the structural equation model, the work variables loaded less strongly on the latent disability construct than the family and social variables and, similarly, the work variable correlated less strongly with the SDS-G total (see Table 1).
The maximum likelihood estimation procedure was utilized to estimate the structural model parameters and the latent disability levels of patients were estimated using the expected a posteriori (EAP) method throughout all IRT analyses.
Table 1 shows coefficients of correlation between each of the RFTs, including the new global physical function scale, and the criterion variables of joint tenderness, swelling, and deformity; overall pain; the MHAQ and SF36PF scales, and the Steinbrocker class; and the latent disability scale.
In Figure 1 the ICC of item 1 is displayed for illustrative purposes, whereas the ICCs for the other items are displayed in Figure 2. As is shown in Figures 3 and 4, all items were effective in making discriminations throughout levels of latent disability.
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Only the baseline latent physical disability exceeded the global functional performance in its correlation with follow-up physical disability (Table 4).
We extracted this latent physical disability variable scale using a procedure analogous to the one described here for the global functional performance scale and described in detail elsewhere [ 10].
Each of these domains loads significantly onto one underlying latent factor of global disability.
The latent variable attitude towards disability was measured by four subscales: Inclusion, Discrimination, Gains, and Prospects.
However, it is usually unnoticed that these studies do not directly measure disability, a latent construct, but rather measure patients' responses to items that are hypothesized to measure disability.
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