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In the early respondent group, there were more currently employed respondents than the late respondent group, while more retired respondents were found in the late responses than in the early responses (p < .05).05
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Past research has shown that non-respondents behave similar to the late respondents or respondents that respond after a reminder [35].
As suggested by Hikmet and Chen [ 40], the potential for such a bias was first assessed by comparing the 156 "late" respondents (i.e. those responding after having received the reminder) with the 624 "early" respondents.
The possibility of a response bias in the data was assessed by comparing the 37 "late" respondents (i.e., those who responded after receiving the second reminder) with the 126 "early" respondents.
Early respondents in this study were defined as those who responded before any reminder was sent, and late respondents were defined as all those who answered after the reminder was emailed.
Despite similarity within most demographic characteristics of early respondents and late respondents, current employment status exhibited the significant difference in the non-response bias test.
To test for non-response bias, the means of early and late respondents on two key demographic variables were compared statistically via independent samples t test (Saunders et al. 2007).
Referring to insignificant t statistics, the comparison of early and late respondents did not reveal a significant difference on firm size (t = −6.834, p = .196) and age (t = 5.218, p = .173).173
The non-respondent analysis used demographic and health-related population characteristics from the official statistics as well as behavioral, physical, and mental health-related outcome differences between early and late respondents to predict possible non-response bias.
There were no geographical differences between early and late respondents.
Second, we compared study variables for early and late respondents.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com