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The antagonistic pleiotropy theory predicts that mutations promoting early reproduction confer a selective advantage even if they have late-acting deleterious effects such as reducing late reproduction or causing reproductive and somatic aging (Williams 1957).
As semelparity is considered to be an adaptation to low adult survival [ 7, 17, 35], where conditions are not conducive to prolonged adult survival (i.e. late reproduction may risk loss of reproductive potential) selection for more complete or extreme semelparity will be favoured over life-histories where adults survive to exhibit SREs.
This study showed that the laboratory stocks were as short lived as those selected for early reproduction, while the wild-caught lines had a much longer lifespan, similar to flies selected for late reproduction and were much longer lived.
On the other hand, the highest correlation found between the age at first and last reproduction was in the Poor mothers, which may also indicate a more pronounced trade-off between early and late reproduction among these women.
That this happens in the laboratory has been demonstrated by comparing the lifespans of flies maintained for years in the laboratory under normal stock-handling conditions with others selected for early or late reproduction as well as others freshly caught from the wild [37].
The group with the greatest levels of early reproduction also displayed the highest levels of late reproduction, whereas the group with the lowest level of early progeny production also displayed the lowest levels of late reproduction.
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Earlier studies found a negative genetic correlation between ovariole number and early age reproductive maturation in a selection experiment for longevity and late age reproduction although there was no clear association between late life ovariole number and altered vitellogenic egg maturation [ 35, 36].
You don't appreciate this until it's way too late, but reproduction isn't for sissies.
This could also explain the positive genetic correlation between longevity and ovariole number in lines selected for late life reproduction and extended longevity [ 36].
Even though TGCT has high survival rates due to good responses to therapy, significant consequences of multimodality therapies exist with regard to general health, secondary late malignancies, reproduction and economic productivity (Sokoloff et al, 2007).
Rabbi Brander's synagogue gave him a yearlong sabbatical, which he took in Israel studying Jewish law regarding reproduction and the latest reproductive technologies in Israeli hospitals.
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