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Costs for home safety alarm imputations were made using their last known value, i.e. last observation carried forward [45].
Last known value was carried forward if all measurements were not available on the same date.
Covariates missing at any later time point were imputed by carrying forward the last known value.
His sCr continued to improve, and last known value 45 days after the initial presentation was 1.8 mg/dL (159 µmol/L).
In particular, a widely used method is "last observation carried forward" in which missing final values of the outcome variable are replaced by the last known value before the participant was lost to follow up.
As a sensitivity analysis we imputed missing data in four different ways: regression of QOLtd on log of time from death (QOLtdi), carrying the last known observation forward in time until death or the analysis date (LOCF), setting all values after the last known value to half of the minimum QOLt ever observed (Half Min), and simple linear interpolation (for persons who died only).
Similar(45)
To solve this uncertainty, we compare the current pixel value with the last known background value at this pixel position.
To solve this uncertainty, the current pixel value is compared to the last known background value at this pixel position.
where denotes the last known background value.
We discuss below how to obtain and update the last known background value, (7) (ULKBG), uncovered last known background,.
Thus, there are less pixels that have to be checked with an eventually old version of the scene background (the last known background value is updated when a transition leaving the state BG is).
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