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Larger surface roughness is found for treatment with an electron beam of higher energy density.
A larger surface roughness is beneficial to the charge transfer efficiency and electrocatalytic activity of platinized counter electrode.
The higher corona energies, the more frequent treatment times, and the bi-directional treatment produced the larger surface roughness of the PET substrates.
It is discovered that larger particle aspect ratios, Ar, or higher spreader translational velocities result in a lower bed quality, i.e. a larger surface roughness and a smaller volume fraction.
The results indicate that the specimens after the MAO treatment showed higher surface energy, larger surface roughness, and could better promote adhesion and spreading of osteoblasts than those before the treatment.
Significantly higher values of Qc, and, consequently, fSR of electrochemically formed nanostructured CuxO layer were ascribed, however, not to larger surface roughness but to the presence of more compact thick oxide layer lying beneath the loosely-packed upper one.
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This is followed by the growth of large polycrystalline Al islands which constitute a discontinuous layer with large surface roughness.
The aerodynamic noise generated by high Reynolds number flow around a bluff body with large surface roughness was investigated.
An obstacle to the widespread use of this material is its large surface roughness after mechanical polishing.
When 20 wt% silica NPs was added into the thermosetting fluoropolymer, the hybrid film shows both superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity owing to the large surface roughness factor (RMS) and porous structure.
In the present study we have demonstrated the possibility to form photosensitive nanostructured copper oxide layers with extremely large surface roughness by means of chemical and electrochemical oxidation of copper.
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