Recent large scale mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, MPB) outbreaks have created concern regarding increased fuel loadings and exacerbated fire behavior and have prompted a desire to understand the effects of sequential disturbances on the landscape.
As will be discussed in more detail in the next section, the effects of large-scale mountains, such as the HTP, on global and regional climates were explored during early stages of climate model development (e.g., Manabe and Terpstra 1974; Hahn and Manabe 1975).
The results from this study show that use of satellite imagery is a helpful tool for the detection of even subtle traces in vegetation of cultural activities in large-scale mountain landscapes.
Europa is one of the smoothest objects in the Solar System when considering the lack of large scale features such as mountains or craters, however on a smaller scale Europa's equator has been theorised to be covered in 10 metre tall icy spikes called penitentes caused by the effect of direct overhead sunlight on the equator melting vertical cracks.
Large-scale mass movements in one of the greatest mountain ranges on Earth, the Central Karakoram in Pakistan, were therefore examined to help evaluate their role in landscape evolution in high mountains.
Although ancient settlements have been discovered at high altitudes on the Pindus mountains, whether large scale nomadic movements took place is disputed by some modern scholars (Papanastasis et al. 2010).
Awar, another Yazidi fighter, said there were many IS militants on the eastern side of the mountain: "There's a strong possibility that a large scale attack is coming tonight or tomorrow morning".
Figure 2 Mass (a), unit price (b), and total value (c) of mountain date palm leaves harvested from VFCs (Village Forest Committees and LAMPSS (Large Scale Adivasi Multi Purpose Societies) at eight sites.
Further to the West, at the western arc of the Alps there is a good correlation (at large scale) between anisotropy, the high-velocity zones (tomographic images), Bouguer gravity anomalies, and the topographic feature of the mountains.
For this, a large scale change of the magnitude of the processes modelling the landscape should be expected in comparison with mountain erosional environments.
Sub-category b in bedrock mountains was smooth on both large and small scales; however, b in hills was rough on the large scale.
