Exact(1)
However, the conventional directional coupler has relatively large insertion loss.
Similar(59)
However, such a filter typically introduces large insertion losses.
The drawbacks of the technique mostly stem from the use of AOMs, in that they typically have large insertion losses and restricted optical bandwidths, which results in reduced imaging sensitivity and reduced axial resolution.
However, the relatively large dielectric insertion loss, soft mode effect, and limited figure of merit at high-frequency microwave regions still restrict practical applications in tunable microwave elements.
These include design for (i) large tunability, (ii) low insertion loss, (iii) bandwidth considerations, and (iv) dc biasing for tuning the filters.
Due to the large mode size, the insertion loss of the device is below 0.5 dB until the lateral displacement of the TEC fiber is 4.5 μm, that is important for reproducible passive alignment.
This structure shows that electroabsorption modulator (EAM) properties such as large change in absorption, high extinction ratio, large Stark shift, very low insertion loss, zero chirp, and higher figures of merit are possible to be achieved simultaneously as compared with intra-step quantum well (IQW).
Finally, anomalous pairwise distances directly locate likely horizontal gene transfers and other discontinuous evolutionary events (such as large insertions or deletions, loss of a domain, hidden paralogy, or rapid evolution due to change of function), and indeed our method rediscovers a number of previously proposed horizontal transfers.
This study proposes a feasible methodology to design an optically controlled terahertz modulator with large modulation depth, high speed and suitable insertion loss, which is useful for terahertz applications in the future.
Experimental result shows that the designed filter with a fractional-bandwidth (FBW) of 23%, an insertion loss about 7 dB and return loss larger than 10 dB.
Any frequency of nondetectability above the baseline of loss in singletons was interpreted as being caused by actual functional loss either by base substitution, deletion, small indels, or a large insertion.
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