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Since reliable automatic methods are lacking, cognate and borrowing assignments are usually carried out manually.
His language lacked polish and restraint.
Williams' body language lacked its usual confidence.
The Swahili language lacks a word precisely equivalent to wheeze.
Moreover, factor binding is also commonly seen in regions that lack cognate binding sites.
Despite lacking a cognate ligand, ERBB2 can indirectly mediate signalling when forming heterodimers with a ligand-bound ERBB receptor.
Given the lack of cross-language cognates (e.g., words that share similarities in meaning and auditory or visual forms across languages) between Chinese and English, it is not surprising that the correlation in oral vocabulary was small.
Most foreign brides come from rural areas lacking language schools.
This single-domain architecture suggests that SopD lacks a cognate chaperone.
Overall historical-comparative work in the strict sense, using Neogrammarian notions of regular sound correspondences between cognate forms in related languages and notions of shared innovations in order to arrive at proper subclassifications (as developed in the comparative study of Indo-European languages), is still lacking for the family as a whole.
"Historical linguists study language evolution using cognates the way biologists use genes," explains Mark Pagel, an evolutionary theorist at the University of Reading in the United Kingdom.
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