Exact(9)
Carolyn McCall, the chief executive of easyJet, said: "Moscow is a landmark route and one we are delighted to be able to serve.
After walking a route through the neighborhood, participants completed landmark, route, and survey knowledge tasks.
The alternative framework contends that landmark, route, and survey knowledge are acquired more or less simultaneously, as soon as an individual starts experiencing a new environment.
To investigate this possibility, the current research will assess participants' landmark, route, and survey knowledge after incidental or intentional learning of a novel environment.
Importantly, we will contrast intentional with incidental learning of spatial aspects of the environment (e.g., landmark, route, and survey knowledge) but will not contrast intentional with incidental attention to the environment per se.
Support for this idea comes from dual-task paradigms in which verbal tasks interfere with aspects of landmark, route, and survey knowledge (Labate, Pazzaglia, & Hegarty, 2014; Saucier, Bowman, & Elias, 2003; Wen, Ishikawa, & Sato, 2011).
Similar(51)
Participants with a good SOD learned more accurate spatial knowledge than those reporting a poor SOD for landmark familiarity, route ordering, route actions, and direction estimation.
(Landmark-based Route) A landmark-based route (bar{R}) is a route represented as a finite sequence of landmarks, i.e., (bar{R} = [l_1,ldotsdots,l_n]).
Dependent variables included browsing performance: time spent and the length of navigational path for reading; reading performance: recall and inference scores, navigational performance: scores of landmark and route knowledge and time spent and the length of navigational path for completing nine navigational tasks.
He died too early (1872) to see another landmark en route to barbarism: modern European imperialism, whose humanitarian rhetoric was, like one of its representatives, Conrad's Kurtz, "hollow at the core".
In previous work, SOD differences are typically small or non-existent for measures of landmark and route knowledge (Ishikawa & Montello, 2006).
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