A runoff and contaminant emission model has been developed in order to overcome land use differences.
The fact that gamasid addition also augmented the impact of environmental conditions on nematode-induced modulation of soil respiration highlighted the need for including land use differences while evaluating soil fauna contribution to soil processes.
Soil C N ratio was important in separating site and land use differences, and contrasting relationships between soil physico-chemical properties and organic N uptake rates were identified across sites and land uses.
It is unclear whether the more linear decline in risks in the latter study were attributable only to direct impacts of freeway traffic emissions or whether other covariates (e.g., other major roads, area sources, and land use differences near freeways in urban areas) played an etiologic role.
If protection ameliorates human pressures even within land uses, differences in land-use intensity could explain the higher biodiversity at protected than unprotected sites within the same land-use type.
While there is evidence that land use conflict is partly explained by differences in place meanings, there is little understanding of how competing place meaning might explain different beliefs about a land use.
The spatial distribution of landscape values, values compatibility scoring, land use preference differences, and a combined values and preferences scoring index are all viable methods for identifying and mapping the potential for land use conflict.
The use of the two contrasting geographical gradients enables us to isolate the land-use difference and avoid confounding climate effects (figure 1; electronic supplementary material, appendix S1).
In this study, the observed similar textural class of soil under the different land uses minimized differences in soil physical and chemical properties that could have been observed due to the difference in soil texture.
Those twelve groundwater conditioning factors are elevation, slope, curvature, stream power index (SPI), topographic wetness index (TWI), drainage density, lithology, lineament density, land use, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), soil and rainfall.
For this purpose, eleven groundwater conditioning factors (GCFs), including altitude, slope aspect, slope angle, plan curvature, stream power index (SPI), river density, distance from rivers, topographic wetness index (TWI), land use, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and lithology were mapped.
