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Bobby Gillespie – try as he might – can do nothing to strip the shining lamina off the brilliant stuff he's achieved.
The trachealis was cut from the trachea, the epithelium and lamina propria were pealed away, and 10×3×2 mm strips cut with a dissecting scissors and a single edge razor blade.
Often, genes that move away from the lamina are concomitantly activated; many others, however, remain inactive yet become unlocked for activation in a next differentiation step.
Therefore, remodeling may activate gene expression by moving genes away from the lamina [ 50].
For instance, during cell differentiation, loci move away from the lamina as they become active (e.g., [ 104]); a classic example is the activation of the IgH locus [ 105].
However, unlike histone modification boundaries, the occupied NFI sites were not specifically enriched at the boundary position, as they occurred generally over the whole 100kbp of nuclear lamina-free genomic regions extending away from the boundary.
This suggests a territorial arrangement of nuclear architecture, which is supported by the finding that heterochromatic regions and repressed genes tend to be associated with the nuclear lamina, whereas active chromatin is moved away from the lamina [152,153].
By electron microscopy, GBM showed normal thickness in areas away from increase in lamina rara interna with an average of 450 nm (average GBM thickness for adult man in our laboratory 370 ± 42 nm).
This would explain why the level of AQP4 drops abruptly once the endfoot plasma membrane is reflected away from the basal lamina of brain microvessels (Nagelhus et al. 1999).
