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A rumen fermentation study (study 2) was conducted concurrently with the lactation study.
The lactation study was conducted as a crossover design with two 28-d periods.
For the lactation study, experimental diets were formulated to supply 30% of dietary CP from TDDGS, CDDGS, CM, or SBM.
In study 1 (lactation study), 39 multiparous and 18 primiparous Holstein cows were blocked by parity and randomly assigned to treatments for 84 d.
Milk samples were obtained from 20 healthy women who gave birth to healthy full term infants enrolled in the UC Davis Foods for Health Institute lactation study.
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Results showed that the use of alternate or simultaneous pulsation presented no relevant differences in milking efficiency or teat-end status after milking at either of the two milk pipelines heights or in the two stages of lactation studied.
Of those that were culled, those with COD were culled more frequently because of reproductive problems; HR = 2.1 (1.9 - 2.3) for higher parity than 2. Having COD diagnosed in the preceding lactation was a hazard for diagnosis in the lactation studied.
Exclusion criteria: intracranial disorder, other than migraine, head trauma in the previous year, pregnancy or lactation during study period, inability (according to the investigators judgment) to fill a headache diary.
However, all cows were culled during the lactation of study.
Effects of parity (primiparous, PRIM vs multiparous, MULT) and litter size (singletons, SING vs twins, TWIN) on metabolic profiles from 1 wk before lambing to the end of lactation were studied in 48 Lacaune dairy ewes reared in confinement during most of the year and grazed on improved pastures at the end of lactation (summer).
Further, measurements on day 9 were comparable to other lactation cycle studies performed in mice [ 10].
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