Treatment of circumferential lesions of the upper extremity is very difficult and a overall successful technique with a long-term follow-up to reconstruct these circumferential defects is lacking in the literature.
Detailed comparisons between MSC transplantation and other modalities of treatment for traumatic AC defects are lacking in the current literature.
There's some defect, something lacking in the Israelites, even after the exodus from Egypt.
Interestingly, clinical isolates lacking IncA present defects in their infectious cycle, and the number of inclusions per cells is significantly decreased [40], [41].
Cells lacking CNM67 display defects in cytoplasmic microtubule organization but remain viable, undergoing a normal SPB duplication cycle (Brachat et al., 1998; Hoepfner et al., 2000; Schaerer et al., 2001).
19, 20 In mice lacking VEGF165, severe defects in developing blood vessels are seen.
A C. elegans mutant lacking Arl8 shows defects in traffic between late endosomes and lysosomes, and also defects in the movement of presynaptic cargo along axons (Klassen et al., 2010).
In vitro, vascular smooth muscle cells lacking Syndcan2 exhibit defects in expression of Notch3 and its downstream targets.
Elovl3 is responsible for the production of C20, C22, and C24 fatty acid from C18 precursors, and mice lacking Elovl3 showed defects in lipid recruitment to BAT in response to cold exposure (Westerberg et al., 2006).
PBAF complexes, but not BAF, activate vitamin-D-receptor-dependent transcription in response to vitamin D, and mice lacking Pb1 have defects in heart development (Ref. 105) because of impaired epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and arrested maturation of the epicardium as a result of the downregulation of FGF, TGF and VEGF signalling (Ref. 106).
However, retina lacking Top2b displays defects in the laminar structure and neurite outgrowth.
