What was less defensible, he states, was the Gallup organization's lack of transparency about its methodology.
This lack of transparency — about participants, prices and volumes — proved disastrous.
Activist investors such as the Nathan Cummings Foundation also complain about the firm's lack of transparency about its political donations.
But a lack of transparency about bonus pay means many are unsure how to feel about the added cash.
For such a large fund using public money, there remains a remarkable lack of transparency about how it plans to go about its business.
Yet the lack of transparency about the security agency's performance is precisely why critics say it should not be the regulator, operator and auditor of the screenings.
The causes of such protests vary: some are concerned about working conditions facing graduate students, others point to a lack of transparency about how universities are run.
The 65-page report said the BBC's "lack of transparency" about the pay of stars and senior executives "must be addressed".
But campaigners say it is the lack of transparency about what assets are held on the islands – and by whom – that is the problem.
Still, analysts say the lack of transparency about lending makes it difficult for investors and regulators to assess the risks facing some banks.
Many Iraqis rightly question the legality of both commissions and their procedures, including a disturbing lack of transparency about who was disqualified and why.
