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Labour progression is significantly slower in obese women [ 18, 19] whereas duration of labour, oxytocin requirements and caesarean delivery rates increase with increasing maternal body mass index (BMI) [ 19].
Without appropriate skills and knowledge to perform an adequate assessment of the presenting clinical symptoms, paramedics have little choice but to transport women in labour regardless of labour progression or gestation.
The mechanism behind the increased frequency of CS in obese mother has not been fully explored, however cephalopelvic disproportion due to macrosomia and narrow maternal pelvis due to increased soft tissue mass [ 34], slow labour progression [ 35] and increased frequencies of emergencies [ 36] were all proposed as explanations for the association of maternal obesity and CS delivery.
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In summary, our results show that mammalian germ cells express at least three distinct types of cohesin complex, each of which includes REC8, RAD21L or RAD21, and might have spatiotemporally different divisions of labour for the progression of meiosis (Fig 4F).
Many participants spoke about the fear of someone halting the progression of labour, killing the baby or even the mother.
Also, some pharmacological pain relief can only be administered safely if birth is not imminent, so women's choices are sometimes constrained by progression of labour.
It is, therefore, important for health workers to provide proper information about the onset and progression of labour when providing birth preparedness messages.
However, explanation of procedures and progression of labour was not communicated to either users or their relatives unless there were some complications.
Discontinuation of drug administration due to adverse events, progression of labour, preterm delivery and other causes was incorporated in the model.
Users felt the lack of information sharing on health status, progression of labour and other related procedures, along with limited counselling opportunities as factors interfering with the quality of services.
These 'friendly' initiatives are predicated on healthy mothers and healthy babies, generally assuming the spontaneous onset and normal progression of labour at term and have been carefully monitored to ensure that outcomes are truly optimised (Waldenstrom and Nilsson, Birth 1997 24 17 26; Jackson et al., Am J Public Health 2003 93:999–1006).
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