This study demonstrates that temporary immersion bioreactor system suits well for the regeneration of transgenic strawberry plants as a labour-efficient technique.
Through a cost-effective and labour-efficient SNP array mapping approach using DNA from sc/sc and sc/+ blood sample pools, we map the sc trait to chromosome 4 and show that a nonsense mutation in FGF20 is completely associated with the sc/sc phenotype.
Our hierarchical screening scheme (Fig. 1a) begins with scrape assays, which are cost and labour-efficient, then promising candidates are taken on to the more resource-intensive 3-dimensional cell line tubule culture and only later move on to ex vivo assays.
Apart from Germany, its members have done little to make labour markets efficient; most have masses of spare capacity.
Most of the changes had nothing to do with population policy: they were carried out to make labour markets efficient or advance sexual equality.
Efficient labour inputs and the quality of local suppliers improve business efficiency, while the consent of the local communities provides a 'social license to operate"' [ 33]. Lee and Bialous [ 34] advocate for a 'more critical debate within and beyond the public health community on the rapid proliferation of CSR initiatives'.
There is reason to hope that it can go on falling, because increased labour-market flexibility is reducing the structural rate of unemployment that is consistent with stable inflation.More efficient labour markets could deliver a double boost to European growth.
America, long the poster child for efficient labour markets, suddenly looks sclerotic.
Meanwhile, the redundancy of labour, supplanted by efficient machines, will create an enormous "useless class", without economic or military purpose.
More recently, export growth, fuelled by cheap, efficient labour and burgeoning foreign investment, has driven the economy.
