Exact(1)
Empirically, we screened for predictivity using variables previously associated (p < 0.15) with lymphocyte distributions in cord blood (Hertz-Picciotto et al. 2002), including season, length of labor, parity, number of previous stillbirths, medication during delivery, working status of mother, maternal education, and exposure to active and secondhand smoke.
Similar(59)
Study Design: A retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with shoulder dystocia was performed by searching a computerized database from January 1 , 1993 to June 30 , 1999for the following information: (1) vaginal deliveries, either spontaneous or operative, (2) shoulder dystocia, (3) birth weight, (4) duration of second stage of labor, (5) parity, and (6) gestational diabetes.
Big questions remain, including whether G.M. and Chrysler, as well as Ford, will be able to cut their unionized labor costs to parity with foreign automakers, as was required in the original loan agreement from last December.
Objective: Our purpose was to test the hypothesis that progress of labor slows as parity exceeds 4 by comparing labor curves of grand multiparous women (para 5 and over) (GMs) with those of nulliparous and lower-parity multiparous women.
There was no significant difference among group demographics (maternal age, parity, anesthesia, labor before current cesarean delivery, number of vaginal examinations during labor, prophylactic antibiotic use, or gestational age at delivery).
"Unless Chrysler's labor costs can achieve parity with the foreign transplants and without the restructuring of Chrysler's debt, Chrysler cannot be restored to long-term health and the government loan will be unlikely to be repaid," Cerberus said.
The groups were similar with respect to gestational age, fetal weight, labor duration, maternal age, parity, and ethnicity.
Third, there is the possibility of omitted variable bias; however, the results were robust to the inclusion of covariates that represent risk factors for complications (which could theoretically be associated with need for medical care postpartum: maternal age, parity, and labor duration), although we cannot eliminate the possibility of confounding by unobserved variables.
We selected covariates based on the available literature as follows: the calendar year of birth, characteristics of the medical institutions (including accreditation level, ownership, and geographic location), attending physicians (including gender and age), and laboring mothers (including birth parity, low-income family status, and delivery mode).
Our objectives were to confirm the predictiveness of parity for successful labor induction and propose an improvement in the Bishop's score to take parity into account and simultaneously simplify the original Bishop score.
bAdjusted for the year of labor, institution and physician characteristics, parity of birth, low-income family status, and delivery mode, as compared with adult mothers aged 20 24 years.
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