To compare duration of labor, mode of delivery, and local anesthetic consumed in women who received labor analgesia with epidural or combined spinal-epidural technique.
Data about fetal sex, gestational age at delivery, birth weight, fetal distress during labor, mode of delivery, signs of asphyxia at birth, and perinatal death were collected.
To estimate the association between the lengths of the first stage of labor, mode of delivery, and perinatal outcomes in women undergoing labor induction.
Epidemiologic control variables include woman's demographics (age and parity) and medical factors (previous cesarean, diabetes, hypertension, eclampsia or preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, placental bleeding, other obstetric pathology, plurality, term at delivery, fetal presentation, onset of labor, mode of delivery, and birth weight).
Medical interventions: Induction of labor, Mode of delivery, Perineal laceration, Placental removal.
We could not explain regional variation by maternal characteristics (age, parity, ethnicity, socioeconomic status), pregnancy characteristics (singleton, gestational age, birth weight, pre-eclampsia, perinatal death), medical interventions (induction of labor, mode of delivery, perineal laceration, placental removal) and health care setting.
According to the régulation theory, there are five institutional factors: bank and credit relations, wage and labor relations, mode of competition, mode of international insertion and the role of government (Boyer 1990: 38 39; Boyer and Hollingsworth 1997: 49 54; Boyer and Saillard 2002: 44).
To ascertain whether the quality and quantity of sleep in late pregnancy were associated with length of labor or mode of delivery (vaginal/cesarean) for women living at moderate altitude.
Reasons for delivery visit, duration of labor, and mode of delivery are independent predictors of maternal satisfaction.
However, when induction of labor and mode of delivery are considered more carefully, some interesting contradictions arise.
These results were adjusted for type of hospital, baby's gender, birth weight, multiple birth, gestational age, maternal age and combination of onset of labor and mode of delivery (Table 5).
