15While in theory grandparental childcare could have a negative income effect on hours worked, we focus on the extensive margin (labor force participation) and therefore, for non-working women, cheaper or free childcare raises the net wage and labor force participation.
Economists call this marginal value not because it is trivial, but because it is the value added by one unit of the resource (for example, one year's labor) at the margin of an already existing number of units employed.
A day after an ostensibly close United Kingdom election saw the Tories decisively defeat Labor by a margin of 331 to 232 seats, Cameron sought a positive spin on what had been a prickly campaign.
Parks can be vulnerable to swings in the economy and require costly and continuous investments in new rides; escalating labor costs threaten margins.
The city is home to thousands of factories that are based on an outmoded business model, rooted in cheap, unprotected labor and thin margins.
The robot takes care of the "labor intensive, low-margin" part of the job: the thorough weekly mow.
Take long-term short positions in any industry that relies heavily on rote human labor: The profit margins of such industries are likely to decrease once narrow AI robots take over these jobs.
To move Luna and thousands of other Los Angeles hotel workers out of the economic margins, labor activists and their City Hall allies are preparing one of the nation's boldest programs to attack growing income disparities and lift the take-home pay of low-wage earners.
This difference, which implies that adjustments along the intensive margin of labor supply were an important part of the response of local labor markets to Southern immigration, helps explain the magnitude of the estimated annual wage elasticities.
"In today's labor market, the big margin comes from going on to college, not just graduating high school," he said.
