Applying Shephard's lemma (Shephard 1970), we derive the following unit labor cost function as the function of factor prices and time: {mathrm{ULC}}^tleft r,wright)=frac{wcdot partial {C}^tleft r,w,Yright)/partial w}{Y}=wcdot partial {C}^tleft r,w,1right)/partial w (2).
But unions do not just influence the way the labor market functions; they also have important implications for the political system.
Marginal effects from standard child labor supply functions show child/proxy differences, particularly when the household experienced negative shocks.
Kniesner and Li [42] developed a male labor supply functions using local linear kernel regression based on panel data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP).
Blomquist and Hansson-Brusewitz (1990) estimated labor supply functions for married men and women in Sweden using data from 1980, considering the complete form of individuals' budget constraints.
The firm's internal labor market functions as an effective moderating variable: when the internal labor market becomes more open and provides more upward opportunity for its employees, native-place ties become less effective in promoting organizational commitment.
