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Detection bias that was likely introduced into the open labeled trials, was measured by comparing the incidence rate of acute hepatitis B between the vaccine and the control groups.
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Open-label trials confirmed this trend [51, 57 60].
We included randomized controlled trials (RCT), open-label trials and retrospective studies.
The finding conflicts with the outcomes of previous case series and open-label trials.
The existing studies all deal with TN associated with multiple sclerosis and are small open-label trials.
Prophylactic drugs evaluated in placebo-controlled and open-label trials for migraine [50 71] have been summarized in Table 3.
In the process of labeling, trials and errors were performed for each factor under investigations till obtains the optimum value.
After that, several other open-label trials have examined the preventive effects of BTX-A on TN [49 51].
In recent years, several open-label trials have shown an encouraging reduction in seizure frequency in patients with epilepsy.
The literature reviewed was primarily comprised of small open-label trials, thus making it difficult to draw definitive conclusions.
Furthermore, by combining one randomized, double-blind, placebo control trial with five open-label trials, the previous study possibly introduced some heterogeneity into their review.
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