The Quadruple Helix brings in the additional perspective of society (knowledge society) and of democracy (knowledge democracy).
"They offer education, inspiration and access to knowledge, the foundations of democracy.
In other places, highly motivated groups of independents have achieved similar feats without any knowledge of the flatpack democracy idea, suggesting that what has happened in Frome and elsewhere might be part of a general political wave.
During the lengthy period before the mid-nineteenth century, administrative and commercial urbanisms were developed, followed by a century of modernist urbanism as a consequence of the incursion of Western powers and the introduction of new knowledge of science, technology, democracy, and urban planning in China.
Dr. Christoph Sahm, director of co-study producer Oxford Research International, points out that "... the Libyan people have not yet developed trust towards political parties, preferring a return of one-man rule... .. and that "... Libyans who have had autocratic rule for decades lack the knowledge of how a democracy works and need more awareness of the alternatives to autocratic government".
This fourth helix also could be paraphrased as the dimension of democracy (knowledge democracy) or the dimension of knowledge society in the context of democracy.
This notion of pluralism in knowledge and innovation is also being captured by the idea of 'Democracy of Knowledge' , meaning that the pluralism in knowledge production communicates with pluralism (political pluralism) in a democracy, proposing here a co-evolution of democracy with systems of knowledge production and innovation (Carayannis and Campbell [2009], [2012], p. 55).
Here we see a co-development and co-evolution of democracy and knowledge production and innovation for knowledge society and knowledge democracy.
If one acknowledges that power always influences the production of knowledge, a democracy being no exception, the approach to be developed here will be productive: it includes transparency about positions and dependencies as well as cooperation, while constantly negotiating boundaries.
