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Brucella killed organisms were used as a model receptor for quantifying anti-Brucella IgG antibodies in a suspension compared to conventional colorimetric and chemiluminescent ELISA.
Unlike conventional vaccines made from live attenuated pathogens or killed organisms, such a vaccine would carry no risk of infection.
Conventional veterinary vaccines against MAP have generally comprised killed organisms in oil injected subcutaneously in young animals [28] [31].
Hitherto, the only vaccines available against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis have been limited to veterinary use and comprised attenuated or killed organisms.
With these characteristics we expect the possibility that engineered strains can be formulated to be applied as stabilized killed organisms, designed to be applied to vaginal or other mucosal tissues at relevant times, such prior to sexual acts or childbirth, roughly comparable to spermicide use.
But A. marginale derived from cell culture, killed organisms and DNA vaccines induce only partial protection [ 13- 15].
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Seafloor dredging creates the undersea equivalent of choking sandstorms, killing organisms, destroying coral reefs and other habitats, and altering patterns of water circulation.
It also listed possible methods of preventing their spread, including physically separating the waterways or blocking or killing organisms with chemicals, heat, "bubble curtains" or low-oxygen zones.
It directly kills organisms that live or feed on the seafloor, including sea turtles, and it stirs up clouds of fine particles, which can suffocate fish by clogging their gills.
Later in life, as Marley was struggling to balance his interest in taxidermy with his distaste for killing organisms, it occurred to him that there must be others like his father.
"The primary role of water chlorination is to insure the quality of the water for cooling and washing and for killing organisms on the surface of the product," said Dr. Suslow.
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