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The junior operator may be more at risk for arterial puncture during U-CIJV.
A junior operator was defined as anyone with <1 year of formal airway training.
When a junior operator performed the procedure, a senior operator was always present to take over the procedure in case of failure.
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Junior operators performed 75.3% of CIJV, of which 86.8% was U-CIJV.
Table 2 shows a comparison between junior operators (residents) and senior operators (attendings).
A possible solution is the ultrasound needle guide, which may minimize arterial injury, especially with junior operators.
The junior operators required more repeated attempts and encountered low flow rates as compared to the senior operators.
A maximum of two attempts were allowed for junior operators.
Fellows and consultants were considered as senior operators and residents as junior operators.
We consider that the rate we observed in our study is rather high, especially among junior operators.
Fewer OVDs were completed by mid-grade operators during the day, which was directly related to a higher proportion of daytime deliveries performed by junior operators.
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