The existence of various isoforms of α-spectrin requires functional studies of each with respect to their effect on gap junction function.
Consequently, EPCs could up-regulate the expression of tight junction proteins, repair BBB tight junction function, stimulate angiogenesis, promote Aβ clearance, and decrease neuronal loss, ultimately improve cognitive function.
The next allele, armXM19, is unable to transmit the Wg signal due to its low levels, but it retains junction function since the cuticle remains intact[29], [31].
The literature supports the hypothesis of EGF regulation of tight junction function, however there is ambiguity as to weather EGF activation improves or impairs barrier function [41], [42].
Based on current understanding of tight junction function, the decrease in claudin-3 documented in intestinal tissues from mast cell-deficient sash mice [8] would be expected to increase the in vivo permeability of their intestinal tissues in vivo [11].
Through these mechanisms, intestinal tight junction function would be improved.
Gap junction function was assessed by parachute assay.
Also, there is evidence that CCMs regulate endothelial tight junction function either directly or indirectly via altered adhesion junction function [ 24].
We hypothesized that TNFα/IFNγ would impair MDCK cell tight junction function.
Physical stimulation of cells in monolayer enhances gap junction function [ 23, 49, 50, 53, 54].
So IGF-1 improved intestinal tight junction function via upregulating occludin and claudin-1 expressions.
