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The erosive jet spread over a larger effective footprint in air than in water, since particles on the jet periphery were slowed much more quickly in water due to increased drag.
It was possible to measure a half-angle of the jet spread of 20° and to verify that the water-stabilized plasma gun had a more asymmetric behavior than the gas-stabilized gun due to the external rotating anode.
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Furthermore, a dimensionless jet spreading angle model was proposed and fitted to the experiment results.
The investigations showed great film cooling performance for the MTJ scheme, high effectiveness values and excellent lateral jet spreading.
The premixed flamelets tend to capture the downstream jet spreading while overestimating the peak temperature compared to the nonpremixed chemistry.
The jet spreading angles at both planes are wider than that of the cylindrical hole nozzle (approximately 7°), indicating a noticeable improvement in the initial fuel-air mixing.
The mass flow rate of a ceiling jet spreading in the radial direction was estimated based on measurement of carbon dioxide concentration.
The use of jet actuators induces high jet spreading and an increase in turbulence intensity, which improves the mixing between the reactants and the surrounding fluid.
In the first a liquid jet spreading from a point source is followed, and in the second, effect of radial porosity profile to wall flow is examined.
In JLR, close to the nozzle, high shear zone is present and most of the turbulence models fail to predict the jet spreading.
The effect of jet spreading is to eliminate the "zone of silence", or at least, to replace it by a "quieting zone".
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com