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A subset A of L 1 ( [ 0, 1 ], R ) is decomposable if for all u, v ∈ A and J ⊂ [ 0, 1 ] measurable, the function u χ J + v χ [ 0, 1 ] ∖ J ∈ A, where χ J stands for the characteristic function of.
In this setting, g0 = 0 and N0 stand for the present time and the current population size, g i < g i + 1 and N J stands for an ancestral population size, assumed constant for times older than g J.
The symbol J stands for the normalized duality mapping from E to 2 E ∗ defined by J x = { f ∗ ∈ E ∗ : 〈 x, f ∗ 〉 = ∥ x ∥ 2 = ∥ f ∗ ∥ 2 }, ∀ x ∈ E, where 〈 ⋅, ⋅ 〉 denotes the generalized duality pairing of elements between E and E ∗.
LL Cool J stands for Ladies Love Cool James.
So what does the "J" stand for in your name? A. The "J" stands for Joel.
In the A to Z, letter J stands for: "Just in case you've forgotten anything, ask us......
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where c i,j represents an amplitude and phase shift term and is assumed to be independent of time, τ i,j stands for the (i,j th TDOA and n j is an additive noise.
Pairwise elements { e i, e j } stands for the co-occurrence within where i ≠ j.
where (Sigma _{overline {mathbf {h}}_{t,d}(i), overline {mathbf {h}}_{t,d}(j)}) stands for the cross-covariance matrix between N r (d+1)×1 (column) vectors (overline {mathbf {h}}_{t,d}(i)) and (overline {mathbf {h}}_{t,d}(j)).
The video-frame-based PSNR is defined in (1), where a frame size of M × N pixels is assumed, and ( f i, j - f i,j ′ ) stands for the luminosity difference per pixel due to the video quality degradation.
where the entry of channel matrix H i,j stands for the channel gain from transmitter j to receiver i.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com