It is much lower than the other Hercynian massif; its highest point, the Mont des Avaloirs, on the eastern edge of the massif, attains an elevation of 1,368 feet (417 metres).
Montenegro (Crna Gora) means "Black Mountain", and it is in its lofty inland massifs that the country bares its dramatic soul.
At the dawn of modern mountaineering, when Jacques Balmat and Michel Paccard first climbed Mont Blanc in 1786, the massif and its rivers of ice inspired awe and terror; it was known as the "cursed mountain", a suitable place for Mary Shelley to hide Frankenstein's monster.
Seven miles to the east, yet still part of the Kilimanjaro massif, was its fanged, eroded, second-highest peak and Africa's third highest, 16,893-foot Mawenzi.
The star attractions are the towering Fitz Roy massif at its northern end, and the huge, turquoise-coloured Lago Argentino to the south.
A Annapurna Circuit (Nepal) "The mountain walkers' mountain walk" circles Nepal's Annapurna massif with its six mighty peaks of over 7,000 metres.
But Ulriken, the "south tower" of the Bergen massif, offers its main prize to everyone: the view is stunning, a panorama of distant snow-covered peaks and the city tucked into its fjord, enhanced by paragliders, abseilers and cyclists.
Golden eagles and bearded vultures soar above the red and yellow Train d'Artouste, which travels a narrow-gauge, vertiginous 10 kilometres from La Sagette summit to Lake Artouste and provides amazing views of the massif and its valleys.
Data on NR were derived from a 2 × 2 km grid covering a total area of 31,200 km2 of the Carpathian massif and its foreground, Central Europe.
Ben Nevis forms a massif with its neighbour to the northeast, Càrn Mòr Dearg, to which it is linked by the Càrn Mòr Dearg Arête.
