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The necessity of the items was assessed using a three-point rating scale: (i) not necessary, (ii) useful, but not essential, (iii) essential.
Convergent validity of the set of measurement items was assessed using three approaches: (a) item reliability; (b) composite reliability; and (c) average variance extracted (Fornell & Larcher, 1981).
Scalability of these two items was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, which at 0.50 indicated that scalabilty was unsuitably low for two items.
Internal consistency (degree of relatedness of items) was assessed using Cronbach's alpha.
The underlying structure of functional pain and functional difficulty items was assessed using a series of confirmatory factor analyses [ 20].
Student agreement to each of the items was assessed using a 4-point likert scale: 1 - full disagreement; 2 - partial disagreement; 3 - partial agreement; 4 - full agreement.
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Both items were assessed using relative cost index, which does not reflect the actual time spent by surgeons and anaesthetists on the procedure.
Subsequently both original and new items were assessed using exploratory factor analysis.
Responses to GOHAI-T items were assessed using a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 = always to 5 = never.
These items were assessed using a 5-point Likert-type scale (1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree).
For 19 of the items the response format is a 4-point Likert Scale and three of the items are assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com