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Exact(2)
In the reconciliation process, the term "how often" in the frequency attribute items was altered so as not to be directly expressed, due to an element of the Japanese cultural background.
Again the wording of the items was altered to third person for proxy-ratings.
Similar(58)
Indeed our study clearly shows that MMSE (summary scores and most of the items) is altered in patients with more advanced liver disease measured by Child-Pugh classification.
In conclusion, although MMSE score and single items are altered in patients with overt HE, MMSE has no value in the assessment of minimal HE.
For collection of proxy-ratings the items were altered to refer to the patient in the third person, instead of the first person self-rating version.
Firstly, to allow the scale to be interviewer administered (necessary in a population with a low literacy level), the items were altered from first person statements (e.g. "There is a special person who is around when I am in need") to second person questions (e.g. "Is there a special person who is around when you are in need?") (Table 1).
Second, the rating scale for each item was altered to range from -2 (negative pole anchor) to +2 (positive pole anchor).
If an item was not practical, could not discriminate among people (for example, all people could perform the activity) or did not capture the construct of 'shoulder function', the item was altered or removed.
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In the reward and magnify scales, item 13 was altered from "got very upset" to "got very excited" and item 15 from "comforted me" to "shared my happiness" because when parents express the same PE as their adolescents, they support that adolescents' capitalize on the positive experience.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com