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One of the other items was adapted as it referred to two aspects of performance in one question.
Intention (3 items) was adopted directly from Taylor and Todd's (1995) scale and SN (2 items) was adapted and revised to "parents" and "friends" rather than "people who influence my behavior" and "people who are important to me" in the original scale.
The phraseology of a few of the items was adapted to be suitable for use among the study population.
The phraseology of a few items was adapted to capture the intended content in light of the common parlance of the study population and translation languages used.
Following phase E of the item reduction, the wording of the remaining items was adapted to maximise consistency of both item wording and response format.
Where necessary the wording and formatting of items was adapted to increase consistency, but the content and theoretical coverage of each item was maintained.
Similar(54)
A total of ten items were adapted from Bolton and Lane (2012) to measure IEO.
Specifically, the scales used to measure attitude (6 items) were adapted from Taylor and Todd's (1995) research.
The measurement items were adapted from Gefen (2002) and Pavlou (2002) and Dimoka (2010).
The other four items are adapted from firms that conduct business operations in a region.
Another six items were adapted from Moore and Benbasat's (1991) constructs of image (4 items) and compatibility (2 items).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com