This scale has been used in previous studies (Langerak 2003; Farrell et al. 2008; Nasution et al. 2011; Cheng and Krumwiede 2012) and its 14 items relate to three inter-related concepts: a customer orientation, a competitor orientation, and inter-functional coordination.
The items relate to household environment (e.g., ability to make decisions), family-related concerns (e.g., relationships with husband, children, in-laws, and parents), socioeconomic concerns (e.g., access to husband's money), adverse life events, chronic illness in family, house-hold chores, and pregnancy-related concerns (e.g., unwanted pregnancy, access to health care, birth of a girl child).
An overview of 21-items gap scores shows that from those five items with highest gap, four items relate to the empathy dimension (items 13, 14, 15, and 17), and one item relates to the tangibles dimension (item 20), confirming the above-mentioned results (see Table 2).
"In China, 70% of [museum] items relate to food, while the remainder are to do with calligraphy and sculpture … It's quite logical, China is a walking stomach!" That becomes clear when you wander around the streets of Beijing, where you can eat at any time of day or night, picking from baskets of steamed dumplings or little skewers of grilled meat, not to mention the restaurants.
Thus, these items relate to a mastery goal orientation.
Three out of the five most highly ranked items relate to behaviour connected to speed and speeding.
The TICS represents a coverage ratio (0 1), where 0 indicates that none of the content topics that the TIMSS items relate to were covered by the teacher in class and 1 implies that all the content topics were covered.
Some items relate to the CanMEDS competence 'management skills'.
The items relate specifically to self-efficacy during the disability assessment interview.
Part 2 items relate to 6/9 ICF Activities and Participation chapters (see Additional file 1).
Three of the instrument's 9 items relate directly to emotional symptoms: worried, sad, and annoyed.
