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The HADS contains seven items on anxiety and seven items on depression; a higher score indicates greater severity.
20 The HAD questionnaire contains seven items on anxiety and seven items on depression in the last week.
(5) Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS): This is a 14-item scale with seven items on anxiety and seven items on depression.
The former included 8 items on anxiety, patient and carer concerns, practical needs and the latter 18 questions specifically relating to MS symptoms, both using a 0 4 scale.
13 Nevertheless, our study used a composite measure of psychological distress consisting of items on anxiety and depression; thus, our data cannot be directly compared to the measure of depressive symptoms used in NHANES.
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The general anxiety subscale, with items on somatic anxiety, psychomotor and cognitive agitation, worry and fear, control-related anxiety and impairment from anxiety yielded a mean of 10.08 (SD = 5.12; range 0 – 19).
These two subscales include 16 items (7 items on social anxiety and 9 items on generalized anxiety) and it takes approximately 5 minutes to complete the questionnaire.
The Spence Children' s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) [ 45] consists of 38 items on specific anxiety symptoms with a further six filler items (α=0.94).
A questionnaire consisting of items on motivation, anxiety, intended effort, and English language proficiency items plus items addressing biographical information, such as age and gender, was created.
After the scores of negative items were reversed (i.e., items on test anxiety), they were added to the scores of all other items to represent the respondent's learning motivation in English in the data analysis.
The section on physical health in the SCAN interview was extended with additional items on Health anxiety symptoms (for details see [2]).
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