To enable a more global comparison, the physical functioning scale of the SF-36 was also recorded and comprises of 10 items on activities of daily living.
We assessed physical disability using the Barthel Index which consists of 10 items of activity in daily living.. Based on the 10-item Barthel Index, a study in Singapore found a much lower disability prevalence than in our study: 11% in people aged 60 years and above (9% when age-standardized to our population sample), 14% in people aged 65 and above and 26% among those aged 75 and above.
An investigation by the board found "17 items of fraudulent activities including falsification of test results, design changes without proper authorization and falsification of inspection records," the aviation regulator said.
Compared with the original Dutch study, the German sample showed more independence at baseline in items of instrumental activities of daily living and less improvement within an identical treatment period.
The major items of physical activities in the questionnaire included leisure-time exercises, work or leisure-time hobbies such as gardening, yard work, carpentry and other domestic chores requiring physical exertion.
Items 1 & 2 were combined as they are both items of instrumental activities of daily living (Self-care) above the level of shoulder; items 3, 4 & 5 were combined as they are activities that produce high levels of forces around the elbow and lastly we combined 8, 9 and 10 as they are all self-care activities.
The ARQ is a 22-item survey of activities such as drinking and driving, driving without a license, having unprotected sex, and taking drugs [28].
To measure engagement in dangerous behaviors, we used the Adolescent Risk Questionnaire (ARQ), which is a 22-item survey of activities such as drinking and driving, driving without a license, having unprotected sex, and taking drugs [28].
For every item examples of activities are provided.
