Study 1 comprised item formulation and examination of the factorial structure and reliability of the SCEQ.
The questionnaire structure and item formulation were the same for each emotion (see Table 1 for sample items).
Discriminant construct validity was supported, and some difficulties in showing convergent validity are discussed in terms of item formulation adequacy.
A revision of item formulation was performed due to linguistic differences between the European versus Brazilian Portuguese mainly in the colloquial terms.
The items then were reviewed by a team of five psychologists, three diabetologists, and a sample of 15 diabetes patients, leading to the final item formulation.
Rating scales have the advantage of a high face-validity because the DSM-5 proclaimed contents are often explicitly named within the item formulation.
In the following, the results are discussed in detail, and suggestions for changes in item formulation with respect to the special need of the Mexican culture are presented.
During the second wave of interviews, we edited the questionnaire after each iteration until we obtained data replication or redundancy [ 26] regarding the questionnaire content (e.g. item formulation, additional items), as well as the best process for the monitoring intervention (e.g. timing of the calls).
However, even though differences between settings may call for some tailoring of instrument content (Holt and Roff 2004; Patel and Dauphinee 1985), the array of differences is not restricted to item formulation: it also concerns instrument structure (i.e. the organization of items in scales) and scale names.
Sketch (yes, no): This feature includes both sketches contained in the item formulations, which have to be read, interpreted, and/or understood for correctly solving the items or sketches as part of the respondents' answers.
