Then, the gradient is obtained by extracting the N items of Equation(18).
As the wave at the detector is related to the ESW at the sample by free space propagation, at the detector plane are simply the Fourier transform of the corresponding items in Equation 5.
Hence, we can obtain the formation energy of VO s) based on Equations 2 to 5 by subtracting the item in Equation 1.
But in the phase expression, the second item in Equation 23 cannot be neglected, because after being multiplied by ω, it can also reach the magnitude order π.
If all the hypotheses for utterance X i contain the same number of words, then the second item in Equation 3 for one hypothesis will be the same as that of others in the N-best list, based on Equation 4, shown as n ij μ ij ≈ n ik μ ik, ∀ i, j, k s.t.
where the first items in Equations 1 to 5 on the right-hand side are the total energies of the Pd m VOn-containing (m =1 and 2 and n =0, 1, and 2) surfaces, with their subscripts describing their compositions.
Thus, the equation items were quite easy for students, whereas the graph items were challenging.
Finally the result of the BFFTAA algorithm is the last N items of the Equation (9): Y k ( f ) = [ Y 0 k ( f ), Y 1 k ( f ), ⋅ ⋅ ⋅, Y N - 1 k ( f ) ] T = [ X k ( f ) W k ( f ) ] ⏟ T h e l a s t N i t e m s (9).
It was developed from interviews with patients using a grounded theory approach, and the instrument was psychometrically tested using factor analysis [ 25], and further validated by a dimensional analysis of all items using structural equation modelling [ 26].
A regression in the relationship between Contrast-value and baseline value of the item will be lacking for any item according to equation (6), with a constant bandwidth of scatter because of the use of Contrast-values.
