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In the remaining six items effect sizes were low (Table 2).
We found gender-related differences within the health care professionals for eight scales and two single items (effect sizes between 0.69 and 1.39) (Table 3).
There were low numbers of missing data, for SF-36 2% overall, and for KDQOL < 3% except the items effect of kidney disease (11%), dialysis staff encouragement (17%), satisfaction with care (16%) and sexual function (45%).
In unadjusted analyses, the kidney-specific items effect of kidney disease and cognitive function were perceived poorer in the RG + than in the RG - group (Table 2), while the generic item general health tended to be reduced in the RG + group (p = 0.06).
Women with graft loss reported impaired kidney-specific HRQOL compared to transplant naïve women (n = 79) in the items effect of kidney disease (50 vs. 72, p = 0.002) and cognitive function (80 vs. 93, p = 0.006), and this observation persisted after multiple adjustments.
However, trained participants engaged in interactive discussions with residents on a significantly higher number of communication items (effect sizes 0.53 to 1.77); communication skills items discussed interactively included both structural and patient-centered elements that were considered important to be observed by expert teachers.
Similar(54)
By wearing pins or clothing from the more popular brands in that district, items' effects will be improved; wearing the least fashionable items will do the opposite, and items from brands in between are not affected.
However, previous smokers, especially recent quitters, were more likely than never smokers to use chronic disease management items, effects which remained significant after all adjustments.
The specific items may be summarized into three dimensions: symptoms/problems (12 items), effects of kidney disease on daily life (8 items), and burden of kidney disease (4 items) [ 20].
They comprise 11 domains, including: symptom/problem list (12 items), effects of kidney disease (8 items), burden of kidney disease (4 items), cognitive function (3 items), quality of social interaction (3 items), sexual function (2 items), sleep (4 items), social support (2 items), work status (2 items), patient satisfaction (1 item), and dialysis staff encouragement (2 items).
The dimension symptoms/problems include 34 items, effects of kidney disease on daily life 20 items, burden of kidney disease 4 items, cognitive function 6 items, work status 4 items, sexual functions 4 items, quality of social interaction 4 items, sleep 9 items, social support 4 items and patient satisfaction 2 items.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com