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For example, the responses "Strongly Agree/Agree" or "Most of the time/Always" are positive responses for positively worded items whereas for reverse worded items, disagreement indicates a positive response, so the responses "Strongly Disagree/Disagree" or "Never/Rarely" are considered.
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This is not some budgetary line-item disagreement where we can effectively scold each other to see the other side - there is a correct interpretation here.
The IPRAS is the threshold beyond which the IPR for a particular item indicates disagreement.
Some items generated disagreement and undermine the face validity of the tests.
For items with disagreement, the modal value between the three assessors was used for analysis.
For the items with disagreement a third physician was asked to review and the mode was used for analysis.
If the benchmark is not met, assessors will need to re-transcribe the recordings before discussion on items of disagreement to reach consensus.
On 5 items, there was disagreement between the reviewers, mostly due to differences in interpretation.
A fourth reviewer (SP) rated items with outstanding disagreements.
Given the clear-cut categorisation of data sources and data items (Table 1), disagreements were uncommon (<2% of feedback measures) and were discussed until consensus was reached.
Kappa values are generally preferred as indicator of reliability over percentage agreement, because the latter may under-represent the reliability of multi-level items with modest disagreements regarding severity of a given problem.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com