Possibly, when the participants' task is to categorise items, prototype abstraction/application can occur within the test phase.
These were refined into a 33-item prototype MyPOS using a combination of structured and open questions.
We analyzed the QuIKS, but data were collected on its 35-item prototype questionnaire, as in the initial validation of the questionnaire, to allow for consistency of data collection across the study groups [ 9].
The resulting 35-item prototype instrument was administered by mail to a convenience sample of 75 patients (the exploratory sample), who were treated with diabetes medications at our study community-care site, to assess item reliability, mean and distribution, redundancy or uniqueness, skewness, and construct validity.
Subsequent item reduction of the 25-item prototype scale was based on statistical analyses and cognitive interviewing [ 36, 37] Cognitive interviewing with patients indicated wide variability in interpretation (and use) in relation to the telephone item that led to modification of that item (Table 2).
The terms 'layered manufacturing' and 'rapid manufacturing' are generally seen as synonymous with 'additive manufacturing' [3], while 'rapid prototyping' (RP) refers to the production of usually single items (prototypes) using AM technologies.
This 22-item PDI prototype was later revised and became the 25-item PDI, a measurement instrument which can be used by clinicians to detect end-of-life dignity-related distress [ 15].
Moreover, the present study focused on the 22-item PDI prototype, and not on the final revised 25-item PDI, which was published during the period of data-collection for this study.
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Research in the field of semantic memory suggests that concept typicality (how closely the features and characteristics of an item match the prototype of a category) is an important component of an item's semantic representation.
These results will be used to further modify the prototype: items to be tested include horizontal probe operation and laser illumination with an optical fibre.
