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One star was given to the item ascertaining exposure and employment of a secure record or structured interview where the researcher was blind to case/control status.
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The first items ascertained the treatment with physiotherapy for PD in the past year to satisfy our inclusion criteria.
Dietary patterns were derived by using principal-component analysis of the consumption of 49 food items, ascertained by a food-frequency questionnaire.
Questionnaire items ascertained current and previous smoking, including years since cessation and number of cigarettes, cigars or ounces of tobacco smoked per day.
Non-intersection of ICCs for dichotomously scored items ascertains an IIO of items and thus scales meeting this assumption can be considered as nonparametric counterparts to scales based on the more traditional, parametric Rasch models.
Our group of physics experts, secondary school teaching experts, and educational psychologists again discussed and estimated the difficulty of each item to ascertain that the resulting set of items still covered different difficulty levels.
The follow-up for the patients who returned a non-zero score on the suicide-ideation item was ascertained only by interviewing the practice nurses concerned to maintain patient confidentiality.
The first inclusion criterion was an 8-item Ascertain Dementia (AD8) score of 2 or more.
Starting 45 days after transplant ("day 45" the second data collection point), three additional open-response items were administered alongside the PARimpact scale items to ascertain the actions that parents took in the previous seven days as a result of their child's BMT.
Four scales met IRT standards for ascertaining item hierarchy at the individual level, as opposed to merely establishing item hierarchy at the population level.
The content validity of the 18 mQSF items was ascertained by asking 25 medical and nursing education experts from Switzerland, Germany and Austria to rank the importance of each item on a four-point rating scale (1 = not at all important; 4 = very important), using an online survey tool.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com