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For example, a study conducted by Cao et al. [12] determined that the HLA-B*15:02 variant was only found in 0.2% of African-Americans and 4.9% of Asian patients, whereas it was unobserved in Caucasians, Hispanics, and North American Natives.
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Living in such close quarters with my parents and Pawpaw, there wasn't much use dwelling on girls, but here I was unobserved.
Because I was unobserved.
Phosphorylation of MAPK8/9 was unobserved in untreated or IFNA2c-treated Daudi cells (data not shown).
Once the child was cared for in the general nursing care unit, it may have been unobserved by the health care team and thus not documented.
Cognitive ability is a latent construct; its true value is unobserved.
While the logo indicates which amino acids are acceptable in each position, it does not indicate which amino acids are unobserved.
If we can infer so much information from looking at mobile phone communications, would it be possible to predict existing acquaintances that are unobserved in the dataset available?
This calculus does not require that the probability distribution satisfy the MC (nor Faithfulness), and so it may be applied to variable sets even when there are unobserved common causes.
The two quantities y i{1} and y i{0} are described as "potential outcomes": If individual i was actually assigned drug treatment, then y i{1} is its observed potential outcome, while y i{0} is its unobserved potential outcome (or "counterfactual"); if some other individual i′ received placebo, then its potential outcome y i′{1} is unobserved.
We show in File S1 that if the genotypes of some individuals are unobserved, the joint density of (g 1, g 2 ) is not multivariate normal; rather, it is a mixture of multivariate normal densities (see File S1).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com